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Presentazione. Nonostante. l’ opera di Dostoevskij non riveli alcuna traccia di un’ effettiva. Infatti l’. interpretazione filosofica dell’ opera dostoevskiana ha rappresentato per il. Exploring the Relationship Between Psyche and Civilization. Dostoevsky and Freud: Exploring the Relationship Between Psyche and Civilization Few novels delve as deeply into the twists and turns of the human psyche as Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment. Dostoevsky and psychoanalysis – psychiatry in 19th-century literature. Freud commenced Dostoyevsky and Parricide.The 'Legend of the Grand Inquisitor': Moral Transformation in. The 'Legend of the Grand Inquisitor': Moral Transformation. Dostoevsky And Parricide downloads at Ebookinga.com. Dostoevsky And Parricide Pdf. Recollection from Dichtung und Wahrheit,' 'The Uncanny,' 'Dostoevsky and Parricide,' and 'The. Writings on Art and Literature Sigmund Freud No preview. Download PDF American Imago 60.2. Proust and Parricide: Literary, Biographical., Freud wrote 'Dostoevsky and Parricide'. The novel explicitly describes the protagonist Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov’s fluctuating mental state as he commits a brutal crime, becomes tortured by guilt, and finally turns himself in. This detailed description of Raskolnikov’s psyche gives readers a clear picture of his character within the context of the events that take place in the novel. Yet we know little of Raskolnikov outside of this context. How, for instance, does Raskolnikov come to develop those beliefs and characteristics that impel him to commit his crime? We know only that he embodies these beliefs and characteristics from the outset of the novel. In order to fully comprehend the whys and hows of Raskolnikov as a character, then, we must examine him outside the framework of this novel. But how, we might ask, are we to move beyond the narrative context in which Raskolnikov exists? The answer is simple: we must place Raskolnikov within a different context and analyze him in light of this new context. How do we know which context to choose? It depends on what we hope to discover by such an analysis. In this case, we want to expand our knowledge of Raskolnikov’s characteristics and psyche. From Dostoevsky’s explicit narration, we already know Raskolnikov is a neurotic character who exhibits a number of neurotic tendencies throughout the novel. We must therefore locate a context that will help us discover the meaning behind these neurotic tendencies. The logical backdrop to choose is a Freudian context, since Freud deals extensively with human psychology and neurosis. How exactly will Freud’s writings help us? For an answer, let us compare what an ordinary reader would conclude about Raskolnikov with what Freud would conclude. Let us begin with a short summary of the novel: Raskolnikov is a twenty- three- year- old student living in mid- 1. St. His extreme poverty has recently caused him to drop out of the university; moreover, he has ceased working or attending to practical matters. He is a proud, contemptuous, bitter, and irritable character, often remaining alone in his box- like room for days at a time. It is during these periods of isolation that he devises a theory that divides humankind into two categories: those ordinary and those extraordinary. Extraordinary individuals, he believes, have an inner right to transgress the law in order to make their great ideas and/or discoveries known to humanity. Believing himself to be an extraordinary individual, he decides to test his theory by deliberately murdering an old woman pawnbroker. Upon committing this crime, however, he is immediately tormented by guilt and the constant fear of being found out. This torment drives him to confess his crime, and he begins serving eight years of penal servitude in Siberia as punishment. Freud non afferma senza esclusioni che Dostoevskij fosse un nevrotico, come non accetta la diagnosi di epilessia come definitiva perch In part I of the novel, Dostoevsky describes Raskolnikov as . When out in public, he is almost always preoccupied with his own agitated thoughts or muttering to himself in a state of feverish confusion. These irregular characteristics indicate Raskolnikov’s nervous anticipation of the murder that he plans to commit. The guilt that he experiences after carrying out the murder further amplifies his irritable condition, thus plunging him into a period of illness and delirium. A reader would conclude, therefore, that Raskolnikov’s mental state is directly linked to the guilt about the crime. Although Freud would most likely agree with this conclusion, it would constitute only a small point in his analysis if he were to explore Raskolnikov’s psychic condition. The psychoanalyst has much loftier goals, namely to discover . This description indicates that neurotic characteristics are deeply rooted in the human psyche, and a complete Freudian analysis of Raskolnikov’s neurotic characteristics would therefore have to extend far beyond the context of his crime. In order to engage in such an analysis, it is necessary to bring in Freud’s Civilization and Its Discontents, a text that lends itself well to an exploration of Raskolnikov’s character. By systematically analyzing Raskolnikov against Freud’s arguments in this text, we can fully answer all of Freud’s psychoanalytic questions (as listed in the previous paragraph). Moreover, we can gain a deeper and more critical understanding of Raskolnikov’s character, while examining to what extent the constructs of civilization influence his behavior and actions. Let us begin by examining Raskolnikov within the context of Freud’s theory of the two- sided pleasure principle. Freud maintains that all human beings live under the auspices of this principle, which is perpetually . In order to cope with this incompatibility, humans engage in three primary palliative measures—deflections, substitutive satisfactions, and intoxication—which aid us in either avoiding displeasure or achieving a moderate sense of pleasure from other sources. Raskolnikov, however, is unable to make proper use of these palliative measures. Although he makes use of deflections and substitutive satisfaction, he never experiences the pleasure that these techniques are supposed to produce. In order to determine the reasons behind Raskolnikov’s faulty employment of these palliative measures, we must first understand the connection between our palliative measures and our instincts. One may therefore hope to be freed from a part of one’s sufferings by influencing the instinctual impulses. In other words, deflections, substitutive satisfactions, and intoxication are actually control mechanisms that serve to limit the force of our instincts. We can draw the conclusion that these palliative measures are only effective insofar as one’s instincts are suppressed. It is in this relationship that Raskolnikov’s problems lie. As a neurotic, Raskolnikov is unable to suppress his instincts as effectively as a regular person. He engages in these palliative measures for the same reasons as everybody else does, yet is unable to achieve the same results due to the abnormal strength of his instincts. When the instincts of regular people come into contact with their palliative measures, they are instantly subdued. But when Raskolnikov’s powerful instincts come into contact with his palliative measures, they combine with the palliative measures, thus turning them into extreme and distorted mental obsessions. Raskolnikov’s deflections and substitutive satisfactions start out normally, but soon expand beyond the realm of normal mental preoccupation. His primary deflection, for example, is to engage in long periods of solitary thought. He uses these thinking sessions to develop his theory of extraordinary and ordinary individuals. We can assume that he begins with innocent enough intentions—as a student, the development of an insightful new theory would help him gain distinction in intellectual circles. Before long, however, his theory begins to take hold of him completely and consumes more and more of his time. I preferred lying still and thinking. His preoccupation with his theory eventually leads him to his most distorted and dangerous deflection: the plan to murder the old woman in order to prove himself an extraordinary individual. Raskolnikov’s substitutive satisfactions, taking the form of fantasies, are closely related to his deflections. As his deflections expand in size, his fantasies follow suit. In the days immediately preceding his crime, Raskolnikov spends almost all of his time imagining the murder in vivid detail. Tied up with this fantasy is his view of himself as a larger- than- life heroic individual. Raskolnikov’s preoccupation with this fairy tale character shows that his desires and instincts have overwhelmed him completely. Instead of his palliative measures controlling his instincts, his instincts have joined forces with and amplified the palliative measures. Obviously, Raskolnikov’s stronger- than- normal instincts are a key component of his neurotic character. But which instincts are influencing him the most and how did they become so powerful? Freud’s Civilization text once again provides us with the key to finding an explanation. In tackling the question of why it is difficult for human beings to be happy, Freud identifies three sources of human suffering: the human body, nature, and social relationships. While we cannot change the first two sources, he says, it seems that we should be able to influence the third. It is the existence—not the conflict—of these two instincts that is important for our purposes here. And in this context, the aggressive instinct plays the larger role in Raskolnikov’s life (even though his libidinal instinct is no doubt present). This is the instinct that most frequently takes hold of Raskolnikov and directs his thoughts and actions, as evidenced by his development of a theory that advocates crime and his actual perpetration of murder. Since Raskolnikov is still quite young, we can assume that the unusual ferocity of his aggressive instinct stems from a traumatic childhood event or a difficult passage through a childhood phase of development. At this point, a problem arises. How is it that Raskolnikov’s aggression still exists, when the conditions of civilization are supposed to repress such instincts? Freud maintains that civilization . In order to answer our question, we must again remind ourselves that Raskolnikov is a neurotic character with instincts that cannot be repressed as readily as those of normal people. He maintains his aggressions, therefore, while others find their aggressions limited by civilization. Does this mean that Raskolnikov doesn’t have the ? No, because his powerful instincts render him much more aware of the repressive nature of civilization. Unlike the general public, his instincts give him more sensitivity to what is going on around him. Fort Delaware on Pea Patch Island. Most Haunted also did an investigation of the.Ghost Tour at the Fort! The fort is well preserved and on the weekend we were there, had activities about every 9. A nice way to spend a few hours. 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Teknologi Benih: Budidaya Alpukat. Tanaman alpukat merupakan tanaman buah berupa pohon dengan nama alpuket (Jawa Barat), alpokat (Jawa Timur/Jawa Tengah), boah pokat, jamboo pokat (Batak), advokat, jamboo mentega, jamboo pooan, pookat (Lampung) dan lain- lain. Tanaman alpukat berasal dari dataran rendah/tinggi Amerika Tengah dan diperkirakan masuk ke Indonesia pada abad ke- 1. Secara resmi antara tahun 1. Indonesia telah mengintroduksi 2. Amerika Tengah dan Amerika Serikat untuk memperoleh varietas- varietas unggul guna meningkatkan kesehatan dan gizi masyarakat, khususnya di daerah dataran tinggi. Sentra Penanaman. Negara- negara penghasil alpukat dalam skala besar adalah Amerika (Florida, California, Hawaii), Australia, Cuba, Argentina, dan Afrika Selatan. Download ebook PDF “Budidaya Alpukat”. Ebook ini menjelaskan bagaimana cara kita dalam berkebun dan melestarikan tanaman alpukat. Penjelasan ebook ini singkat. Alpukat.pdf - Download as PDF. Cara pemeraman alpukat masih sangat sederhana.Rp.go. Dengan cara tersebut.1 Analisis Usaha Budidaya Perkiraan analisis budidaya. Dari tahun ke tahun Amerika mempunyai kebun alpukat yang senantiasa meningkat. Di Indonesia, tanaman alpukat masih merupakan tanaman pekarangan, belum dibudidayakan dalam skala usahatani. Daerah penghasil alpukat adalah Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, sebagian Sumatera, Sulawesi Selatan, dan Nusa Tenggara. Jenis Tanaman. Klasifikasi lengkap tanaman alpukat adalah sebagai berikut: Divisi : Spermatophyta. Anak divisi : Angiospermae. Kelas : Dicotyledoneae. Bangsa : Ranales. Budidaya Tanaman Alpukat. Kumpulan trik pertanian dan Perikanan. Tanaman alpukat agar tumbuh optimal memerlukan tanah gembur, tidak mudah tergenang air. Selasa, 20 Oktober 2009. Tanaman alpukat merupakan tanaman buah berupa pohon dengan nama alpuket (Jawa Barat), alpokat. Alpukat, Budidaya dan Pemanfaatannya. Redaksi Agromedia, 2009. Buku Pintar Tanaman Buah Unggul Indonesia. Agromedia Pustaka, Jakarta. Anda sedang membaca artikel tentang Cara Budidaya Alpukat/ Avokad dan anda bisa menemukan artikel Cara Budidaya Alpukat/ Avokad ini dengan url http://buka-mata. CARA BUDIDAYA ALPUKAT 1. Pembibitan 1) Persyaratan Bibit Bibit yang baik antara lain yang berasal dari a) Buah yang sudah cukup tua. Pedoman Budidaya Alpukat / Apukat / Avocado. View Essay - ALPUKAT-01.pdf from SPIH 600001 at Universitas Indonesia. Budidaya Alpukat ALPUKAT / AVOKAD ( Persea americana Mill / Persea gratissima. Keluarga : Lauraceae. Marga : Persea. Spesies : Persea americana Mill. Berdasarkan sifat ekologis, tanaman alpukat terdiri dari 3 tipe keturunan/ras, yaitu: 1. Ras Meksiko. Berasal dari dataran tinggi Meksiko dan Equador beriklim semi tropis dengan ketinggian antara 2. Ras ini mempunyai daun dan buahnya yang berbau adas. Masa berbunga sampai buah bisa dipanen lebih kurang 6 bulan. Buah kecil dengan berat 1. Biji besar memenuhi rongga buah. Daging buah mempunyai kandungan minyak/lemak yang paling tinggi. Ras ini tahan terhadap suhu dingin. Ras ini kurang tahan terhadap suhu dingin (toleransi sampai - 4,5 derajat C). Daunnya tidak berbau adas. Buah mempunyai ukuran yang cukup besar, berat berkisar antara 2. Masak buah antara 9- 1. BUDIDAYA ALPUKAT / AVOKAD ( Persea americana Mill / Persea gratissima Gaerth) Tanaman alpukat merupakan tanaman buah berupa pohon dengan nama alpuket (Jawa Barat. Bijinya relatif berukuran kecil dan menempel erat dalam rongga, dengan kulit biji yang melekat. Daging buah mempunyai kandungan minyak yang sedang. Varietas ini sangat peka terhadap suhu rendah, dengan toleransi sampai minus 2 derajat C. Daunnya tidak berbau adas, warna daunnya lebih terang dibandingkan dengan kedua ras yang lain. Buahnya berukuran besar dengan berat antara 4. Buah masak 6- 9 bulan sesudah berbunga. Biji besar dan sering lepas di dalam rongga, keping biji kasar. Kandungan minyak dari daging buahnya paling rendah. Varietas- varietas alpukat di Indonesia dapat digolongkan menjadi dua, yaitu: 1. Varietas unggul. Sifat- sifat unggul tersebut antara lain produksinya tinggi, toleran terhadap hama dan penyakit, buah seragam berbentuk oval dan berukuran sedang, daging buah berkualitas baik dan tidak berserat, berbiji kecil melekat pada rongga biji, serta kulit buahnya licin. Sampai dengan tanggal 1. Januari 1. 98. 7, Menteri Pertanian telah menetapkan 2 varietas alpukat unggul, yaitu alpukat ijo panjang dan ijo bundar. Sifat- sifat kedua varietas tersebut antara lain: a. Beberapa varietas alpukat yang terdapat di kebun percobaan Tlekung, Malang adalah alpukat merah panjang, merah bundar, dickson, butler, winslowson, benik, puebla, furete, collinson, waldin, ganter, mexcola, duke, ryan, leucadia, queen dan edranol. Manfaat Tanaman. Bagian tanaman alpukat yang banyak dimanfaatkan adalah buahnya sebagai makanan buah segar. Selain itu pemanfaatan daging buah alpukat yang biasa dilakukan masyarakat Eropa adalah digunakan sebagai bahan pangan yang diolah dalam berbagai masakan. Manfaat lain dari daging buah alpukat adalah untuk bahan dasar kosmetik. Bagian lain yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah daunnya yang muda sebagai obat tradisional (obat batu ginjal, rematik). II. SYARAT PERTUMBUHAN2. Iklim. Angin diperlukan oleh tanaman alpukat, terutama untuk proses penyerbukan. Namun demikian angin dengan kecepatan 6. Curah hujan minimum untuk pertumbuhan adalah 7. Ras Hindia Barat dan persilangannya tumbuh dengan subur pada dataran rendah beriklim tropis dengan curah hujan 2. Untuk daerah dengan curah hujan kurang dari kebutuhan minimal (2- 6 bulan kering), tanaman alpukat masih dapat tumbuh asal kedalaman air tanah maksimal 2 m. Kebutuhan cahaya matahari untuk pertumbuhan alpukat berkisar 4. Untuk ras Meksiko dan Guatemala lebih tahan terhadap cuaca dingin dan iklim kering, bila dibandingkan dengan ras Hindia Barat. Suhu optimal untuk pertumbuhan alpukat berkisar antara 1. C. Mengingat tanaman alpukat dapat tumbuh di dataran rendah sampai dataran tinggi, tanaman alpukat dapat mentolerir suhu udara antara 1. C atau lebih. Besarnya suhu kardinal tanaman alpukat tergantung ras masing- masing, antara lain ras Meksiko memiliki daya toleransi sampai - 7 derajat C, Guatemala sampai - 4,5 derajat C, dan Hindia Barat sampai 2 derajat C. Media Tanam. Tanaman alpukat agar tumbuh optimal memerlukan tanah gembur, tidak mudah tergenang air, (sistem drainase/pembuangan air yang baik), subur dan banyak mengandung bahan organik. Jenis tanah yang baik untuk pertumbuhan alpukat adalah jenis tanah lempung berpasir (sandy loam), lempung liat (clay loam) dan lempung endapan (aluvial loam). Keasaman tanah yang baik untuk pertumbuhan alpukat berkisar antara p. H sedikit asam sampai netral, (5,6- 6,4). Bila p. H di bawah 5,5 tanaman akan menderita keracunan karena unsur Al, Mg, dan Fe larut dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak. Sebaliknya pada p. H di atas 6,5 beberapa unsur fungsional seperti Fe, Mg, dan Zn akan berkurang. Ketinggian Tempat. Pada umumnya tanaman alpukat dapat tumbuh di dataran rendah sampai dataran tinggi, yaitu 5- 1. Namun tanaman ini akan tumbuh subur dengan hasil yang memuaskan pada ketinggian 2. Untuk tanaman alpukat ras Meksiko dan Guatemala lebih cocok ditanam di daerah dengan ketinggian 1. Hindia Barat pada ketinggian 5- 1. III. PEDOMAN TEKNIS BUDIDAYA3. Persyaratan Bibit. Bibit yang baik antara lain yang berasal daria. Penyiapan Bibit. Sampai saat ini bibit alpukat hanya dapat diperoleh secara generatif (melalui biji) dan vegetatif (penyambungan pucuk/enten dan penyambungan mata/okulasi). Dari ketiga cara itu, bibit yang diperoleh dari biji kurang menguntungkan karena tanaman lama berbuah (6- 8 tahun) dan ada kemungkinan buah yang dihasilkan berbeda dengan induknya. Sedangkan bibit hasil okulasi maupun enten lebih cepat berbuah (1- 4 tahun) dan buah yang didapatkannya mempunyai sifat yang sama dengan induknya. Teknik Penyemaian Bibit. Penyambungan pucuk (enten)Pohon pokok yang digunakan untuk enten adalah tanaman yang sudah berumur 6- 7 bulan/dapat juga yang sudah berumur 1 tahun, tanaman berasal dari biji yang berasal dari buah yang telah tua dan masak, tinggi 3. Sebagai cabang sambungannya digunakan ujung dahan yang masih muda dan berdiameter lebih kurang 0,7 cm. Dahan tersebut dipotong miring sesuai dengan celah yang ada pada pohon pokok sepanjang lebih kurang 1. Bahan yang baik untuk mengikat adalah pita karet, plastik, rafia/kain berlilin. Sebaiknya penyambungan pada pohon pokok dilakukan serendah mungkin supaya tidak dapat kuncup pada tanaman pokok. Enten- enten yang telah disambung diletakkan di tempat teduh, tidak berangin, dan lembab. Setiap hari tanaman disiram, dan untuk mencegah serangan penyakit sebaiknya tanaman disemprot fungisida. Pada musim kering hama tungau putih sering menyerang, untuk itu sebaiknya dicegah dengan semprotan kelthane. Bibit biasanya sudah dapat dipindahkan ke kebun setelah berumur 9- 1. Penyambungan mata (okulasi)Pembuatan bibit secara okulasi dilakukan pada pohon pangkal berumur 8- 1. Sebagai mata yang akan diokulasikan diambil dari dahan yang sehat, dengan umur 1 tahun, serta matanya tampak jelas. Waktu yang paling baik untuk menempel yaitu pada saat kulit batang semai mudah dilepaskan dari kayunya. Caranya adalah kulit pohon pokok disayat sepanjang 1. Kulit tersebut dilepaskan dari kayunya dan ditarik ke bawah lalu dipotong 6 cm. Selanjutnya disayat sebuah mata dengan sedikit kayu dari cabang mata (enthout), kayu dilepaskan pelan- pelan tanpa merusak mata. Kulit yang bermata dimasukkan di antara kulit dan kayu yang telah disayat pada pohon pokok dan ditutup lagi, dengan catatan mata jangan sampai tertutup. Akhirnya balut seluruhnya dengan pita plastik. Bila dalam 3- 5 hari matanya masih hijau, berarti penempelan berhasil. Selanjutnya 1. 0- 1. Batang pohon pokok dikerat melintang sedalam setengah diameternya, kira- kira 5- 7,5 cm di atas okulasi, lalu dilengkungkan sehingga pertumbuhan mata dapat lebih cepat. Setelah batang yang keluar dari mata mencapai tinggi 1 m, maka bagian pohon pokok yang dilengkungkan dipotong tepat di atas okulasi dan lukanya diratakan, kemudian ditutup dengan parafin yang telah dicairkan. Pohon okulasi ini dapat dipindahkan ke kebun setelah berumur 8- 1. Dalam perbanyakan vegetatif yang perlu diperhatikan adalah menjaga kelembaban udara agar tetap tinggi (+ 8. C). Selain itu juga jangan dilakukan pada musim hujan lebat serta terlalu banyak terkena sinar matahari langsung. Bibit yang berupa sambungan perlu disiram secara rutin dan dipupuk 2 minggu sekali. Pemupukan bisa bersamaan dengan penyiraman, yaitu dengan melarutkan 1- 1,5 gram urea/NPK ke dalam 1 liter air. Pupuk daun bisa juga diberikan dengan dosis sesuai anjuran dalam kemasan. Sedangkan pengendalian hama dan penyakit dilakukan bila perlu saja. Pengolahan Media Tanam. Lahan untuk tanaman alpukat harus dikerjakan dengan baik; harus bersih dari pepohonan, semak belukar, tunggul- tunggul bekas tanaman, serta batu- batu yang mengganggu. Selanjutnya lahan dicangkul dalam atau ditraktor, lalu dicangkul halus 2- 3 kali. Pengerjaan lahan sebaiknya dilakukan saat musim kering sehingga penanaman nantinya dapat dilakukan pada awal atau saat musim hujan. Teknik Penanaman. Pola Penanaman. Pola penanaman alpukat sebaiknya dilakukan secara kombinasi antara varietas- varietasnya. Pumpkin Patch & Maze. 2055 Homer Holland Rd. Proudly created with Wix.com. Sweet Season Farms Corn Maze. Magnolia Corn Maze is a fun fall attraction for the kids and kids at heart in October drawing visitors from all around Baldwin County. Alabama and Pensacola. Proudly created with Wix.com. 2055 Homer Holland Rd. Pumpkin Patch & Maze September 24th-November 5th. Sweetfields Farm provides the highest quality vegetables and exceptional service! Visit these 15 great pumpkin patches in Oklahoma for a. Jahn's Pumpkin Hill is Southwestern Oklahoma's premier pumpkin patch. Baker's Acres Pumpkin Patch. Farm corn maze in Milton FL. 8 acre corn maze, hay ride, cow train, corn popper jumping pillow, learning about agriculture and farm games, activities and food. Free Music Writing, Music Notation Software. Hear your notes as you enter them, then press Play to hear how they work together. With Human Playback and built- in sounds, your notes not only make sound . Combine these professional sounds with Note. Encore Music Notation Software. Whether you play directly into Encore or transcribe your MIDI files, you get accurate notation and beautiful printouts every time. You can extract parts, transpose for different. Music Notation Software Review: Become Your Own Maestro. Music notation software makes it easy for composers and hobbyists of every skill level to create beautiful music using the keyboard, a MIDI interface or a simple. Comparison of MIDI editors and sequencers Notable software MIDI editors and. Audio Units or standalone program: Band-in-a-Box: Mac OS, Windows: proprietary. Full-featured GUI MIDI sequencer with notation screen. Try notation composer or musician. Our core competences are Our products convert MIDI files to excellent sheet music better than any other product on the market; All is easy to use with a straight forward user interface; The. NoteWorthy Composer is a software music composition and notation processor for Windows. It allows you to create, record. Record your performance with an external MIDI keyboard for real-time and step-time entry of your music. Create, play back and print beautiful sheet music with free and easy to use music notation software MuseScore. For Windows, Mac and Linux. |
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